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The Roadside is not a Trash Can!

2/23/2024

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PictureTop - left to right: Satsuki azalea, Chinese holly, Heavenly bamboo (nandina), Bottom - left to right: Pampas grass, Camellia, English ivy
I haven’t been able to observe much of Mother Nature’s handiwork lately. The rental I’m staying in is in town, so my morning walk consists of three miles of bland city streets, sidewalks, and manicured lawns. Very boring.
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There are many bushes, trees, and flowers, and some have started to bloom. The bad news is they’re 95% non-native, such as boxwood, camellia, Indian hawthorn, Satsuki azalea, and weeping forsythia, along with a bunch of mums, daffodils, and peonies.




​It’s hard to believe so many yards harbor invasives like lilyturf, Chinese holly, crepe myrtle, heavenly bamboo (nandina), English ivy, and pampas grass. 

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The only three natives, aside from numerous stately Southern Magnolias that I’ve found, American holly, pink muhly grass and Carolina jessamine are hidden behind a deserted house, a parking lot, and the Hardee’s drive-thru.

For the past few months, I’ve searched for yaupon holly and found some bushes in front of the eye doctor’s office. Unfortunately, they’re a cultivar dwarf variety unsuitable for my green privacy fence. Oh, well, I’ll keep looking…
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Meanwhile, there’s another issue that’s bothering me.

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Litter, Litter Everywhere
Sadly, the only thing my rural walks have in common with my current urban route is litter. I reread some of my rants from the past couple of years and recalled how aggravating it was to pick up after the slobs who threw trash out along the roadside. At least twice a week, I carried a bag with me to gather cans, bottles, empty cigarette packs, styrofoam take-out trays, cigarette butts, paper and plastic wrappers, cups, and even diapers. Last summer, someone dumped a refrigerator filled with empty beer cans and bottles in a field. That, to me, was the epitome of pathetic disrespect for nature and humanity. How could anyone sink so low?

Luckily, our county’s public works department brought in the heavy equipment and cleaned up the mess.
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I’ve noticed it’s the same along the city streets (except the fridge, so far). Yet, no one seems to care. The solution is so simple. Carry a bag in the car and place your daily accumulation of trash inside that bag. When you arrive home, carry the bag inside and dispose of the waste. Voila, no litter, no pollution, and all the life that shares this planet with us benefits from your thoughtfulness. Plus, when parents act as responsible role models, their kids will continue the environmentally friendly practice, passing it along to future generations. It’s a win-win for humanity and the environment.


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Litter Affects the Health and Well-Being of our Planet
I am a conservationist. Environmental conservation pertains to the land, water, air, and ALL the critters (invertebrates, aquatic creatures, avians, and wildlife) that depend on having a functioning ecosystem for survival. Nature, from the tiniest bug to the giant whales, is interconnected and relies on maintaining Mother Nature’s balance. All the litter, chemicals, and junk polluting the land and sea not only look terrible but also affect all these creatures as they try to make their living.

According to Keep America Beautiful, over 51 billion pieces of litter appear on U.S. roadways each year. Wildlife, aquatic creatures, and birds are innocent victims of rubbish, ingesting or becoming injured by or being entrapped in improperly discarded trash. Some of the obstacles they encounter are:
  • getting their heads or other parts of their body stuck in plastic six-pack rings, bags, bottles, or other containers
  • eating household toxic waste and cleaners from garbage bins, resulting in extreme illness or death
  • mistaking plastic or latex (e.g., balloons, disposable gloves) for food, making them sick or blocking their digestive tract, causing them to starve
  • suffocating inside plastic bags
  • getting tangled in string, ropes, or netting, rendering them unable to free themselves.
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Animals have a keen sense of smell and sight. They follow their noses to the source of interesting aromas wafting from recently discarded items. We’ve all seen pictures of animals with their heads stuck inside a tin can or plastic bottle. The ones photographed are the lucky ones who received help, but how many other curious creatures are fated to wander around aimlessly, slowly suffocating or starving to death?

The worst part is that they have no idea what’s happening. No one can tell a deer or a possum to avoid sharp bits of metal or glass peppering the landscape. They cannot comprehend that a broken beer bottle or rusty metal will inflict cuts and punctures that will become infected. And when the inevitable happens, there are no walk-in clinics where these creatures can get antibiotics or a tetanus shot. They’re doomed to die from the infection.

Something I’ll bet you didn’t know — just a tiny bit of chewing gum stuck in their fur or feathers can impede an animal’s or bird’s mobility. If swallowed, the gum can create blockages in their throats or digestive systems.

It’s estimated that over a million animals, birds, and sea life die each year from improperly discarded trash. That’s an unfortunate fact that could be avoided very simply.
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Okay, I’ll get off my soapbox and leave you with this:

Conservation is more than planting native flowers, trees, and shrubs. We also have to step back and look at the big picture.
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So, while you’re landscaping your yard with native plants, keep in mind that we need to take care of the rest of our planet, too. Start today. Put that garbage bag in your car. Start your family’s no-litter policy right now! 



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Looking for Inspiration

2/9/2024

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​We’re still waiting to move into our new home. There’s a hold-up with the title, so Silke and I are searching for ideas on landscaping our yard while the bureaucratic red tape runs its course. As I stated in my previous post, we have a blank canvas to design our pollinator wonderland any way we want.

Looking Online
Since we’re both new to this venture, we’ve been looking online for inspiration. Folks all over the world have created magnificent gardens that I’d love to emulate. Of course, it’ll take years to replace all our turf grass and bare ground with a colorful panorama that’ll reflect our dreams. But we’ve got to start somewhere, right?

GrowItBuildIt.com must have been reading my mind. Last weekend, they published an article on starting a native plant garden from scratch. I was already familiar with the basics – choosing the site(s), determining the sunlight, moisture, PH, etc., prepping it, and choosing the proper flowers. However, having all the information in one spot for reference is nice. It’s a keeper!
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The blog post reminded me that time is slipping away to prepare the seeds for spring. I had planned to spend the colder months winter sowing the wildflower seeds I’d collected last summer and autumn. Unfortunately, though, that project is still on standby until I have a permanent residence. Hopefully, I’ll have a chance to winter sow some annuals during February.

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Looking Closer to Home     


​Meanwhile, there are other sources of inspiration of which we can take advantage.

Brookgreen Gardens is a fabulous 9000-acre nature preserve housing magnificent sculptures and native habitat.

Confession time: I’ve lived in this area for 30 years, and this past weekend was the first time I visited Brookgreen Gardens. I’ve wanted to go, but being an introvert, the crowds swarming the numerous Myrtle Beach tourist attractions, along with unpredictable traffic prevented it. I’ve never been brave enough to drive up there. But luckily, this time, Silke offered to chauffeur us.

I’ve got to admit, I regret missing out on such a treasure for all those years. It was worth the hassle. The place is a naturalist’s paradise!

The property comprises formal gardens as well as undeveloped salt marshes, woodlands, and river bluff forests that protect over 2,000 species of native plants and insects along with a variety of other wildlife, including wild turkeys, fox squirrels, and a multitude of songbirds.

There was too much to see in one trip. We bypassed the non-native flowers populating the formal gardens and toured the lesser-traveled paths with guides from the Native Plant Society. We only visited a small portion of the acreage, but it was awesome. Strolling along the walkways was an educational experience. In just a few hours, I learned a lot about the indigenous plants in this area.

Horticulturist Jason Flynn gave us a tour of his pride and joy – Brookgreen’s native plant garden. He explained how local geology played a role in the evolution of plants, insects, and animal life in South Carolina, and highlighted some of the effects of humans on nature. We’ll have to return in the summer to experience the grandeur of Jason’s garden in full bloom. Sadly, all we observed this time around were the remaining stems and dried flower heads of the native plants. However, we did get the names of some flowers and shrubs we can plant in our yard. Excellent!
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On the next trip, I plan to follow the Trail Beyond the Garden Wall (TBGW). Originally, it was reserved for staff as a shortcut between the north and south ends of the Gardens. However, now it’s open for the public to see and admire the fantastic native plants out there.

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I don’t want this to sound like an advertisement, but Brookgreen Gardens truly is a pleasant haven to get away from the rest of the world. Walking under the live oaks draped with Spanish moss while enjoying an up-close and personal view of the many ecological wonders truly outshone any images we viewed online.
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I look forward to incorporating everything Silke and I have learned into our Hometown Habitat. It’ll be a learning experience for us and, hopefully, our neighbors. Through our efforts, I hope to spread the word about the decline of pollinator populations, loss of habitat, and the importance of reintroducing native plants while having fun playing in the dirt. Keep your fingers crossed we can make a positive difference.


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All Creatures Have a Reason to Celebrate Thanksgiving

11/17/2023

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Mother Nature is very forgiving. No matter how much humanity abuses her, she still provides for us. Thanksgiving wouldn’t be very tasty if not for her pollinators supplying everything from the veggies that complement the turkey and dressing to the seasonings that make all the dishes delicious.

We’re not alone in being blessed by nature’s bounty. We share this planet with other creatures that instinctively appreciate the flowers, shrubs, and trees that supply the food and shelter they need to thrive. Of course, they don’t express their gratitude as we do. Instead, they show their thanks by playing their role in caring for and propagating the vegetation, thereby keeping the process in motion. Isn’t it amazing how plants and insects work harmoniously toward a common goal?

When the natural balance between native flora and fauna is allowed to continue as it has for many millennia, all living things benefit.

Winter could be a challenging time for wildlife if not for nature’s way of planning ahead. For hibernating insects, a diverse selection of plants blooms every autumn to provide a smorgasbord of rich, tasty, nutritious pollen and nectar. Native bees, wasps, butterflies, moths, beetles, and even ants work tirelessly, gathering pollen and seeds to fatten themselves up and/or store to feed their offspring during the cold months ahead.
I’m fascinated by all the activity around the yellow, white, and blue blossoms of goldenrods, asters, sunflowers, blue mistflowers, bearded beggarticks, and bitter sneezeweed. They all know what to do, and even though it’s rush-hour, there are no bottlenecks, arguments, or collisions.

For the birds and animals that stay active during the winter, braving the bitter temps and freezing precipitation, nature supports them as well. At first glance, the landscape may appear like all the vegetation has died off. But looking closely, you can see the berries, fruits, seeds, and nuts Mother Nature left behind to feed the hungry critters during the lean months.
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Here are a few woodland goodies I’ve found while exploring the countryside:

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Winged Sumac
Sumac serves primarily as a winter emergency food for wildlife. Ring-necked pheasant, bobwhite quail, wild turkey, and about 300 species of songbirds include sumac fruit in their diet. It is also known to be important in the winter diets of ruffed grouse and sharp-tailed grouse. Fox, squirrels, and cottontail rabbits eat the sumac bark. White-tail deer like the fruit and stems.

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American Beautyberry

The fruit is high in moisture content and is an important food source for more than forty species of songbirds, including the American Robin, Brown Thrasher, Purple Finch, and Eastern Towhee. The drupes or clusters are eaten by armadillos, foxes, opossums, raccoons, and squirrels. White-tailed deer consume the fruit in the fall after leaf drop.

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​Dogwood

Chemical analyses of dogwood berries have revealed that the seeds are high in calcium and fat, making them a valuable food for both migrating birds and resident wildlife alike. Wildlife food habit studies have shown that at least 75 animal species consume dogwood berries.
Many birds, including songbirds, forest edge species, and upland game birds (wild turkey) consume the seeds. The eastern chipmunk, white-footed mouse, gray fox, gray squirrel, black bear, beaver, white-tailed deer, and skunk readily consume flowering dogwood seeds as well.

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Pokeweed

Pokeweed berries are eaten by various songbirds that hang out in thickets and woodland areas, as well as mammals, including raccoons, opossums, and gray foxes. ⚠ Please note that the berries are poisonous to humans.

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Carolina Horse nettle

⚠ Humans and most animals should not eat horse nettle, as the entire plant is poisonous. For wildlife, the mature yellow fruits may be eaten by quail, wild turkeys, and some small mammals.

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​Common Persimmon

Persimmon fruits are high in vitamin C and are eaten by more than 28 species of wildlife, including opossums, rodents, raccoons, foxes, black bears, and skunks. The birds that dine on the fruit include wild turkeys, yellow-rumped warblers, cedar waxwings, catbirds, robins, pileated woodpeckers, and mockingbirds.

 

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​Redbay Persea

Redbay is reported to be a significant food source for wildlife and is browsed heavily in fall and winter. In order of volumetric importance, redbay fruits were in 15th place in a list of 63 food items. (USDA fact sheet)
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Many birds, including bluebirds, mockingbirds, brown thrashers, fish crows, robins, quail, and turkeys consume redbay fruit. Rodents also eat the fruit, while deer and black bears feed on the fruit and leaves. The redbay also provides a home for squirrels. 

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​Dotted Smartweed

This wetland plant is essential to many kinds of native wildlife and is an excellent food for waterfowl. Twenty species of ducks, geese, bobwhites, mourning doves, ring-necked pheasants, and four species of rails eat the seeds. Dense stands supply cover for young waterfowl, marsh birds, and wintering pheasants. Thirty nongame birds, mice, muskrats, raccoons, fox squirrels, and dozens of other species of mammals also eat the seeds.

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​Sassafras

Many birds, including bobwhite, woodpeckers, mockingbirds and catbirds, flycatchers, and wild turkey relish sassafras berries. Deer and porcupines feed on the tree’s twigs and leaves, and rabbits nibble on the bark in winter. Black bears, beavers, rabbits, and squirrels eat the fruit, bark, and wood. 

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Muscadines
White-tailed deer browse the grapes and the vines themselves. Other mammals include black bears, raccoons, coyotes, red and gray foxes, opossums, cottontails, gray and fox squirrels, and striped skunks.

Wild turkeys, quail, wood ducks, and more than three dozen species of birds such as mourning dove, red-headed and red-bellied woodpeckers, great crested flycatcher, tufted titmouse, northern mockingbird, brown thrasher, gray catbird, eastern bluebird, Baltimore and orchard orioles, wood, hermit and gray-cheeked thrushes, yellow-breasted chat, summer and scarlet tanagers, eastern towhees eat the fruit. Muscadine vines also provide birds with nesting sites and nesting material, as well as cover for animals trying to escape predators and severe weather.

All creatures, whether they have two, four, six, eight, or no legs, have much to be grateful for. Aren’t we lucky to have such a loving mother?
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Have a wonderful Thanksgiving!

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Fall Allergies? Don't Blame the Goldenrod

11/3/2023

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Autumn is a fantastic time of year. The temperature and humidity have eased off, inviting me to spend more time outside. My walks around the countryside no longer drain all my energy, and the scenery is priceless. The late summer/autumn blossoms from volunteer asters, sunflowers, and goldenrods brighten up the landscape and are absolutely lovely.

Unfortunately, my allergies have begun to spoil my fun. Constant sneezing not only bothers me but also scares the bejeebers out of all the creatures, ruining any chance of sneaking up and snapping a few photographs. Since I was a kid, I've always been told my hay fever is due to goldenrod. I was brought up to despise the yellow blossoms decorating the roadside and was often reminded to avoid them at all costs.
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I'm not the only one who suffers from a chronic case of misinformation. Goldenrod has been blamed for autumn allergies for generations. When in reality, it's just an innocent bystander. The real culprit is ragweed (Ambrosia spp) hiding in plain sight amongst the goldenrod that causes congestion and headaches. Wind picks up the lightweight pollen grains from the weed's small green spikes and spreads them everywhere. 
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The Good Guy - Goldenrod
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The Bad Guy - Ragweed
After all these years of avoiding the yellow blooms, I now know that my parents were wrong. Goldenrod's pollen has nothing to do with my hay fever.

Goldenrods, members of the genus Solidago, produce pollen that is too heavy for wind pollination and can only be manually transported by insects and animals. Some, like Tall Goldenrod (Solidago altissima), grow up to 6 feet tall, while others, like Bluestem Goldenrod (S. caesia) grow to only 2 feet. Some species like wet sites, while others prefer dry, well-drained soils. A few species prefer shady understory habitats, but most prefer mostly direct sunlight. While we usually associate goldenrod flowers with fall, a few species bloom in the spring. (Clemson University College of Agriculture)

Goldenrod Comes to the Rescue
National Geographic's book, Herbal: 100 Herbs From the World's Healing Traditions, states that this perennial's blossoms can help alleviate seasonal irritations.

According to their research, goldenrod helps clear up the runny, weepy, or watery symptoms associated with all kinds of allergic reactions. "Taken as a tonic over time, goldenrod can remarkably boost resistance to allergens by strengthening the integrity of leaky mucus membranes. The gentle astringency of a tea or tincture made from the flowering tops dries up the drippiness of colds and flu while also eliciting a gentle sweat that can cool down a fever."

Of course, Native Americans knew about the medicinal qualities of goldenrod long before the information was published in a book. These indigenous people cooked the leaves and flowers of their "Sun Medicine" and put the concoction directly on cuts and wounds to promote faster healing. They also made tea from the leaves to ease stomach cramps. The scientific name for goldenrod became solidago due to its long tradition as a healing plant. Solidago means "to make whole" in Latin.

A Resource for Insects, Birds, and Small Animals
Not only is this plant good for what ails humans, but other creatures benefit from it, too. It's one of nature's most valuable late summer/autumn plants. University of Delaware entomologist Doug Tallamy says, "It's one of the best herbaceous native perennials for attracting and feeding wildlife."

At least 100 species of this wildflower are native to North America. This keystone plant provides food and habitat for many pollinating insects, from butterflies and moths to honeybees and native bees to wasps, ants, flies, and beetles. Its long stems offer a nesting place for insects to lay their eggs. Birds take advantage of the flowers' seeds, and along with small animals, may nest in large stands of the goldenrod.  

If goldenrod was removed from the ecosystem, it would be an environmental disaster. So, the next time someone complains about the yellow blooms making them sneeze, be sure to correct them.
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Research the native species for your area and add solidago to your planting list for next year. There can never be too much of this super wildflower. Here are some of the species of goldenrod I've found around here in my local area of northeastern SC.
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Wrinkleleaf Goldenrod (Solidago rugosa) is found in open woodlands, thickets, sandy swamps, wet sand prairies, marsh banks, and sand dunes. It attracts many bees, butterflies, and beetles. Leaf beetles, stink bugs, and the larvae of several moths feed on the foliage. Many birds, including Indigo Bunting, Eastern Goldfinch, Ruffed Grouse, and Greater Prairie Chicken enjoy consuming the seeds.
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Gray or Old Field Goldenrod (S. nemoralis) grows where little else will grow, which includes poor, rocky, clay slopes with little organic matter. It prefers full sun and dry soil. This species of solidago is one of the shortest goldenrods, reaching 2' at most. Features include small, winged leaflets on the main stem and fuzzy white texture on the leaves and stem. It tends to bloom later in the fall than other goldenrods. It's not usually planted in gardens because extensive root growth can interfere with other plants.
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Tall Goldenrod (S. altissim) became South Carolina's state wildflower in 2003. It grows upright to a height of 4 to 8 feet. A single plant may have as many as 1,500 pyramid-shaped clusters of tiny flowers, 2 to 12 inches long. The flowers' ray-like petals are notched at the end. The weight of the flowerheads makes the stem lean, so the blooms curve downward.
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Giant or Late Goldenrod (S. gigantea) grows in clumps. It can get up to 6 feet tall and is adapted to seasonally moist or wet, open ground such as open meadows, fields, woodland edges, roadsides, marshes, swamps, along streams and rivers. Occasionally, it is found on drier ground or in part shade. The stems of Late Goldenrod are smooth and hairless.
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Canada Goldenrod (S. canadensis) is non-native to SC but is everywhere, more numerous than any of the other species I've found. It is native to northeastern and north-central North America. It is acclimated to areas receiving full sun or part shade. These aggressive plants typically grow in moist soil and are found in damp meadows, waterways, and ditches along roadsides and railroads.
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Showy Goldenrod (S. speciosa) are typically around 3 feet high. The clump-forming plants have rigid stems and rich green foliage. They are not as aggressive as some goldenrods, as they do not spread by rhizome. Ideal planting sites are well-drained. Showy Goldenrod will tolerate a range of soils as long as the drainage is good. Full sun is best.
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Nature is Gearing Up for Fall

10/20/2023

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The temperature may not feel autumn-like, but the changes in vegetation are hinting nature is gearing up for fall. I'm ready!

I'm seeing late summer/autumn wildflowers beginning to pop up amongst the disappearing stands of meadow beauties, coreopsis, orchids, and fleabane that have been slowly fading away. It's kind of sad to no longer see patches of familiar flowers along the wayside. Yet, it's pretty cool to have a change of scenery to liven up my morning. 

There's one particular farm road that's only used to plant, monitor, and harvest the cornfields. The rest of the time, it's left to grow as it wishes. It's one of my favorite loops. The walking gets quite challenging as grass covers the rutted path, but it's worth the effort to experience nature as it's supposed to be.

I've seen plants along that road that I haven't seen anywhere else. Some of the flowers seem to appear like magic. One day, only greenery borders the trail, and the next, new life greets me as I stroll along.
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I wasn't able to walk that track for a week after tons of rain flooded a section of the road. When it finally dried out enough to navigate, I was amazed at how much the vegetation had changed. The only familiar wildflowers were mountain mint (Pycnanthemum flexuosum) and bitter sneezeweed (Helenium amarum).

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Mountain Mint and Bitter Sneezeweed
In place of the other familiar summer blossoms were some late-season arrivals that will hopefully hang around until winter. One of those was the bearded beggartick (Bidens aristosa). Last autumn, I only ran across two or three of these plants, but over the past few weeks, I've counted at least ten plants around the loop, and they’re started to emerge along the main road too. Along with them, I also found some 'new to me' narrowleaf silkgrass (Pityopsis graminifolia) and woodland sunflowers (Helianthus divaricatus) hiding in the tall grasses.
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Bearded Beggartick, Narrowleaf Silkgrass, and Woodland Sunflower
​Closer to home, I'm starting to see the transition to blue mistflowers (Conoclinium coelestinum), frost astors (Symphyotrchum pilosum), swamp sunflowers (Helianthus angustifolius), and evening primrose (Oenothera glazioviana) in my garden. Most of my daisy fleabanes (Erigeron strigosus) are gone, but the pretty purple petals of their cousin, Robin's plantain (Erigeron pulchellus) have reappeared amongst the dead stems. 
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Blue Mistflower, Frost Astor, Evening Primrose, and Robin's Plantain
Morning glories (Ipomoea spp) are taking over the roadside with a combination of native and non-native varieties winding their way over, through, and around all the other vegetation. I'm fascinated by the wild poinsettia (Euphorbia cyathophora), challenging the morning glories for some space. I'm waiting to find out who wins the competition.
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Morning Glories and Wild Poinsettia
​Heck, it's only October, and I have two more farm roads and the fields to explore after all the corn is harvested. There's no telling what surprises are in store for me on my coming adventures. 
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Fabulous Way to Start the Day!

9/25/2023

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It's Autumn! The temps are actually cool enough to wear my sweatshirt. Well, in the morning anyway. I'm back in my T-shirt for the rest of the day.

I love my walks. It's a fabulous way to start my day, especially this time of year! It's incredible to witness the transition from summer wildflowers to the diverse selection of autumn plants that will nourish and shelter insects as they prepare for the winter. The berries and fruits on bushes, trees, and flowers will continue ripening as the vegetation around them withers away. Soon, the birds and wildlife will have a new feast to sustain them through the winter.


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Berries and fruit from the American Beautyberry, Flowering Dogwood, Pokeweed, and Maypops (Passion Flowers).
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A wonderful surprise greeted me yesterday. The farm roads have been bush-hogged, opening the way for the tractors to access "the back 40" and harvest the corn.



It also allows me to walk around the fields again. Most of the paths are still overgrown, but a few are walkable. Once the harvest is complete, I'll have full access to the fields and the surrounding woodlands. 

​Every day will be a new adventure. I'm looking forward to it!





PictureWild Turkeys enjoying breakfast.

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Interesting. A couple of trees lived and died side-by-side. All the insides have rotted away and left the bark shell. This will make a great home for critters this winter.
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The corn is ready to harvest. The deer will be sorry to see it go. They have been feasting on this easy to find free meal every night
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An interesting mushroom.
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Intruder Alert!

9/22/2023

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My neighbor is a sweet lady. We get along just fine except for one thing. Our ideas of having a nice yard differ significantly. She prefers large expanses of manicured grass interspersed with big, showy, non-native plants placed just so. My taste runs more toward organized chaos.

I cringe when I see new exotic plants in her yard. Even so, there’s never been any conflict between us since there’s nearly a mile of woodland and fields between our homes. Problems began, though, when her plants started spreading outside her yard and taking over the ‘wild’ area between us.

The two worst alien invaders creeping my way were:
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Elephant Ear or Wild Taro (Colocasia esculenta) – personally, I have no idea what the attraction is with these gigantic heart-shaped green leaves. There are no flowers; all they do is tower over all the other vegetation, smothering everything in its path. These invasive monsters have taken over a large portion of the roadside bordering her yard and have even somehow jumped across the road, taking over that side as well.
Elephant ears are considered a major invasive weed in the southeast, displacing native flora and are next to impossible to get rid of since they spread underground.
Luckily, they’re partial to the wetter areas around the ditches and aren’t spreading too far from home. Hopefully, they’ll stay in the swampy spots and leave the rest alone.

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​I used to like the Daylilies (Hemerocallis fulva) until they became a nuisance. The orange flowers made a lovely border along my neighbor’s fence. Unfortunately, they spread big time and have now established themselves for at least a quarter mile along the shoulder on both sides of the road and along the tractor paths leading to the farm fields.

​Earlier this summer, a lovely stand of volunteer lance-leaf coreopsis beautified the grassy edge. However, within a few weeks, they fell victim to the fast-growing daylilies. There’s no stopping them!

PictureMimosa tree, Chinese privet, Chinese wisteria, and Sicklepod
I’ve noticed a number of other invasives taking over as well. About eight years ago, chainsaws ruthlessly clear-cut about an acre of virgin woodlands. All the native undergrowth was torn from the ground as the pine trees were loaded onto trucks and hauled away to the paper mill. The felled hardwoods were left abandoned to slowly decompose.

The faster growing Mimosas (Albizia julibrissin), Bradford Pears (Pyrus calleryana), Chinese privets (Ligustrum sinense), and non-native wisteria (Wisteria sinensis), along with lots of weeds like sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) have taken advantage of the unoccupied space and created a haven for themselves.

​Unfortunately, vines from native morning glories (Ipomoea) and muscadines (Vitis rotundifolia) have totally overgrown most of the other vegetation, so now it looks more jungle-like than forested. 

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It’s sad to watch the destruction of indigenous trees, shrubs, plants, and wildlife and be unable to do anything about it. According to the National Wildlife Federation, without native plants, there would be no web of life. Every strand in the web is vital in ways we are still coming to understand. Meanwhile, our native plant populations are declining, becoming fewer, fragmented, and imperiled by threats such as extreme weather, competition from invasive species, and development. Thirty-four percent of plants and 40% of animals are at risk of extinction, and an alarming 41% of ecosystems in the U.S. are at risk of collapse.
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So please refrain from introducing non-native flora to your neighborhood and help keep our ecosystems strong with lots of diverse native plants. Thank you


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All Creatures Great and Small

9/8/2023

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There's more to conservation than flowers and bugs. We share this planet with countless creatures we will never meet or even know they exist. However, they're just as important as the more visible beings we're around every day. All creatures, great and small, must be treated with respect and dignity.

I never knew there was such a thing as a spotted turtle until I came across the little guy in the middle of our road. The sandy surface may have offered a comfortable spot to relax in the shade, but it wasn't safe. The way some frustrated wanna-be race drivers consider secondary roads as their private dirt track didn't bode well for me to leave the turtle where it was.

Astonishingly, it wasn't as shy as the common box or snapping turtles I generally see hanging out along the roadside. They usually retreat into their shells and allow me to pick them up and move them into the grass without any fuss.

Not this guy. He watched every move I made as I snapped pictures and complimented him on the nice paint job on his shell. When I reached down to pick him up, he refused to come quietly. Instead, the turtle gave me the evil eye as I grasped the sides of his shell. Then he squirmed out of my hands and ran away. That surprised me! Not the evil eye so much but the agility and speed at which he moved. He was quite fast.

I took the hint and didn't try a second time. Since the turtle didn't want to be carried, a few taps with my foot gently persuaded him to move to the shoulder. After the little guy disappeared amongst the overgrown vegetation bordering the ditch, I waved goodbye and continued on my way.

Later on, my research on Spotted Turtles yielded some very interesting information. "Spotted turtles are small, aquatic turtles, named for the yellow polka dots scattered across their dark shells. The species occur in wetlands throughout the east coast and in the Great Lakes region of the United States and is threatened by the loss, alteration, and fragmentation of this habitat. Climate change has the potential to impact the hydrology of the wetlands the species depends upon over time. Poaching and collection for the foreign and domestic pet trade also pose a threat for spotted turtle populations." (US Fish and Wildlife Service) https://www.fws.gov/species/spotted-turtle-clemmys-guttata

I wished I'd spent more time taking pictures of this threatened turtle. Wow! I feel privileged to have seen, talked to, and photographed a beautiful creature people rarely encounter.

I must admit, I'd never been a big fan of the deep ditches crisscrossing the local countryside mainly because they're prime mosquito-breeding territory. When I realized how many other creatures depend on the waterways though, I changed my way of thinking. Predatory insects such as dragonflies require the same wet, marshy conditions and eat the skeeters, as do the fish and frogs living in the ditches. We can't forget the herons and other waterfowl that drop by to feed on the insects, frogs, and fish.

That habitat is vital for turtles as well. They need clean, shallow bodies of standing or slow-flowing water with muddy or mucky bottoms and aquatic vegetation. At night and during hot weather, they burrow under vegetation or into the soil or muddy bottoms of the wetland or crawl into mammal burrows. They overwinter in shallow water, mud, mammal burrows, or lodges.

Even though they are aquatic, turtles, including the spotted variety, also spend time on land, especially during mating and nesting seasons. That's when they're more vulnerable to forces outside of nature, i.e., crossing paths with humans and our mechanized contraptions.

Conservation biologist James Gibb says, "Turtle populations in the Northeast, Southeast, and Great Lakes region suffer at least a 10 percent annual kill rate from road kills, and some of these regions likely have up to 20 percent mortality rates due to traffic encounters." Unfortunately, at those rates, turtle species are vanishing in some regions.

We've got to look out for these innocent creatures as they navigate across the terrain. They're clueless about roads and traffic. Please, keep an eye out for turtles (and other critters) while you're driving. Here are some tips for helping a turtle cross the road.

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Making a Difference

8/25/2023

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Bumble bees are intriguing and a joy to watch. The friendly creatures are curious, very smart, and like to play too. Carefully controlled research shows they not only learn quickly, but instinctively make modifications and improvements upon their newly acquired skills. (Science.org)

I enjoy it when they interact with me and hover a few inches from my nose. I wonder what’s going through that small yet intelligent bee brain. How do they view the world? Do they realize their populations are dwindling and some Bombus species are threatened to disappear forever? Can they learn and adapt to the changing climate and avoid dangerous pesticides?

Last summer, my vegetable garden was a bust. I watered the plants, pulled up the biggest weeds, and planted pollinator-friendly flowers nearby. The leaves, stems, and the rest of the plants grew, and there were tons of blossoms but no tomatoes, squash, cukes, eggplants, or zucchini.

 Why? Because no bumble bee or any other insect crawled, fluttered, or buzzed around the garden to pollinate the fruiting blooms. That scared me. Was I witnessing the demise of our pollinators? Luckily, my late summer and autumn flowers started attracting attention from the insect world, and the pollinators returned. However, the original problem still existed. What could I do to make a difference?

That got me investigating ways I could prevent the same situation from happening again. I’m determined to make a positive difference. My resolution encouraged me to take a closer look at the world around me from a bug’s perspective. That’s where my captivation with indigenous flowers, shrubs, and trees originated, and now I’m hooked on discovering all of nature’s hidden beauty.

Along with documenting and preserving native plants, another golden opportunity came my way from the Xerces Society. I purchased an insect net and some small vials, dusted off our Canon XS digital camera, and joined SEBBA, the Southeastern Bumble Bee Atlas. I was going to catch and photograph some bumble bees!

The Bumble Bee Atlas
Xerces’ Bumble Bee Atlas is a citizen science project that collects the data needed to track and conserve bumble bees. The information gathered through these surveys is necessary to understand bumble bees, assess species distribution, population shifts, habitat associations, and to develop and implement effective conservation measures.

At least 50 different bumble bee species live in North America. Many of them face an uncertain future. One-quarter of them are undergoing dramatic population declines due to habitat loss, pesticide use, climate change, low genetic diversity, and the introduction and distribution of pathogens through commercial pollinators. 

The website sums up the purpose of the project: Regardless of the ultimate cause of bumble bee declines, protecting and managing existing habitat or creating new habitat are some of the most immediate and productive steps that can be taken to conserve these important pollinators. Understanding what habitats are most important, where to protect them, and where to restore them are where our Atlas projects will provide essential information.
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To get valuable data at the scale Xerces needs demands widespread participation. That’s why Atlas projects are active in 15 states: Pacific Northwest, Great Plains, Nebraska, Minnesota, California, Missouri, Iowa, and most recently in the Southeast. 


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My First Survey
The Southeastern Bumble Bee Atlas (SEBBA) got off the ground in Tennessee, Georgia, and the Carolinas earlier this year. After completing my training through an online workshop and gathering all the necessary supplies, I set out on my first survey on a hot summer morning.

I found my first bumble bee buzzing around a batch of Carolina Horsenettle (Solanum carolinense). Even though I’d practiced swinging the insect net, my antics that morning were not very graceful. My feet were balanced on a narrow ridge while trying to capture the bee. I got her but nearly fell face-first into the thorny horsenettle. Luckily, I was spared that painful experience.


​Have you ever tried to corner an angry bumble bee inside a net and then coerce her into a small bottle? I finally figured it out after losing my first victim and attempted it again with a second one. At least ten bumble bees were buzzing around the horsenettle, so I didn’t totally lose out on my capture. Thank goodness.

After icing them in the cooler, doing the photography was another learning experience. At first, I didn’t have the bumble bee chilled enough, and she flew off before I finished taking her pictures. I had to go back to the horsenettles and get another bumble bee. Eventually, I got the hang of it and completed my task. The pictures weren’t the greatest, but I’ll improve with more practice.
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It took a little longer than expected to complete the survey and do the paperwork, but it was worth it. The best part of my adventure was knowing I was accomplishing my goal and doing something that would make a difference. There’s no better way to spend a day!

If you’re interested in participating in the Xerces Society’s Bumble Bee Atlas, check out their webpage for more information. If the BBA is not active in your state, you can still photograph and submit your pictures of bumble bees to Bumble Bee Watch. That’s how I got started. Good luck!

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How to SEE the Beauty in Nature

6/30/2023

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If you’re anything like me, you can gaze at the scenery around you and never SEE a thing. You go for a walk with a head full of thoughts, worries, cares, or problems, and when the hike’s finished, you don’t recall anything you saw or remember which trail you walked.

On the other hand, your temporary amnesia could result from tunnel vision – looking down or straight ahead instead of gazing all around, or just plain ole impatience preventing you from observing and appreciating the world around you.
My husband taught me to look at and truly see the marvels around me. I’ll never forget his lesson on appreciating nature’s beauty:

When you look at this tree, what do you see? Leaves? Branches? Bark?

There’s more to it than just the obvious things you expect. Greta, I want you to take a closer look and actually SEE the tree.
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Look at the patterns in the bark. Touch it. Feel the rough texture. Use your finger to follow the ridges in the bark. There’s a pattern. See and feel how it bows out to either side of that bump. That must be an old injury. Over time, the wound healed, and the bark covered it up.

Up here, a branch came off close to the trunk. It healed around the outside of the empty socket but left a hole in the center. A bird or squirrel must have made a home there and left some bits of its old nest behind.

Now, step back and look at the branches. Notice how their shapes and sizes vary; no two are alike. This one has a dip where it goes around that larger, older branch. And it’s the same with the leaves. They all have a similar shape but are distinctively different.

This tree is an individual, a unique life. It looks different and is different from the neighboring trees. This magnificent work of nature’s art adapted to whatever happened to it over the years and survived. If it could talk, I’m sure the tree would have an exciting story to tell about all it’s seen and experienced.


So remember, when you’re out here in the woods, everything you see is special and deserves to be regarded with our utmost appreciation and admiration….

That was nearly 40 years ago. Robert is no longer with us, but his words are still just as valid today as they were then. I can no longer look at a tree without seeing his finger beside mine, tracing the lumps and bumps of the rough exterior. I still hear his voice reminding me that we need to show respect to Mother Nature and all her lovely creations.

Robert got me started loving and appreciating our natural world, and I’ll never stop. Over the years, I’ve seen how greed, ignorance, laziness, and disrespect have brought about severe ecological damage. Restoring what we’ve lost and conserving what we have left is important to me, and I hope important to you, too. Let’s all do what we can to help Mother Nature. Let’s do it for future generations, and if you have or had someone like Bob in your life, do it for them as well.

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    Greta Burroughs

    Through the Lens of a Nature-Lover

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    No creature, whether it has two, four, six, eight, or no legs, should ever be homeless. Every living being deserves the basics of food, water, and shelter. By planting native plants, trees, and shrubs, I can do something toward providing the food and shelter these creatures need.

    ​It's amazing how plants and insects evolved to interact with each other, and how one could always instinctively rely upon the other for survival.

    That's what Mother Nature intended.

    Unfortunately, humanity's carelessness and greed disrupted her master plan.


    ​I'm on a quest to help restore Nature's balance by collecting seeds from, transplanting, or propagating the indigenous plants I find along the roadsides and fields before they are mown down or poisoned with pesticides.

    Then, if my gardening skills don't fail me, my yard will eventually provide a year-round oasis of native flowers, trees, and shrubs that'll provide the food and shelter insects need to thrive and never be homeless again. 

    Through the Lens of a Nature-Lover will share my journey as I discover, photograph, and rescue the plants and bugs no one else notices.

    Please join me in my quest to end homelessness. Thank you for caring.


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I will read forever because it lets me visit in my mind the worlds that I will never be able to see; it helps me put away the stresses of the day and relax into the rhythm of the story before me; it lets me bring to the surface and experience without regrets those feelings I hide away; it lets me re-experience the thrill of first love through someone else's eyes; it keeps my mind juiced so that it will never desert me; it is always there for me even when there's no one else. I will read forever no matter whether it is print or digital because the words will always call to me. ~ A Sassy Scribbler