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It’s Almost Spring, and I’m Not Ready

3/8/2024

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The calendar says it’s still winter. However, the occasional 70-degree temps say otherwise. Granted, the warmth is widely interspersed between the usual overnight dips into 30s and daytime highs in the 50s. Soon, though, the thermometers will creep up the scale and stay in the toasty zone. I can’t wait!

All four seasons have their advantages, and I like them all, but spring must be my favorite. It’s a magical time of year. My little part of the world transforms from a gray, monotonous landscape to a gorgeous rainbow of colors, seemingly overnight.

Right now, the Carolina Jessamine vines are peaking out of ditches and thickets, showing off their bright yellow flowers. They’re usually the first native plants to bloom. I think of them as nature’s way of informing us that spring will soon be here.

I enjoy keeping track of the bare twigs and the leafless bushes as they begin to sport new life. By paying attention to minute changes, it’s not such a surprise when roadsides become speckled with varying shades of blue, white, pink, and green. I love to watch the bees, butterflies, moths, wasps, and other creatures as they leave their winter homes to explore the blossoming treasures.
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Yep, spring is just around the corner.  

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Wait, Wait, I’m not Ready Yet!
It’s already March, and I haven’t even started winter sowing. Now that we’re in our new home, I’ll try to get some annuals started. Last weekend, Silke and I loaded up a U-Haul trailer and transported all my worldly goods to our new home. So, after we get everything inside the house sorted, I’ll be able to concentrate on outside stuff.

Unfortunately, the pre-planted garden beds are filled with non-native bushes such as Japanese privet, Chinese holly, and the invasive Heavenly bamboo (Nandina). They’re going to go.
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The few Yaupon holly bushes will remain, even though they’re a dwarf cultivar. I’ll fill in around them with mixed wildflower seeds from the SC Native Plant Society.

​That will be our first task – not too difficult, even though we’ll have to clear away about six inches of wood mulch to get to the soil.

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Next, we’ll tackle the bare ground. To begin with, I want to plant some flowers and veggies along the chainlink fence and then work out from there. One good thing is that there’s no need to smother grass with cardboard or many weeds to pull up. That’ll make life a little easier for our first planting season - the first of many to come.
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Converting our yard into an insect/bird/wildlife paradise will take a long time, as in years. It’s overwhelming to contemplate all the work ahead of us. I know we don’t have to do everything all at once, but time is a factor.

I wonder if I’ll live long enough to see my dream come true. Hope so. At any rate, I’ll plug away at it as best I can.

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The Roadside is not a Trash Can!

2/23/2024

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PictureTop - left to right: Satsuki azalea, Chinese holly, Heavenly bamboo (nandina), Bottom - left to right: Pampas grass, Camellia, English ivy
I haven’t been able to observe much of Mother Nature’s handiwork lately. The rental I’m staying in is in town, so my morning walk consists of three miles of bland city streets, sidewalks, and manicured lawns. Very boring.
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There are many bushes, trees, and flowers, and some have started to bloom. The bad news is they’re 95% non-native, such as boxwood, camellia, Indian hawthorn, Satsuki azalea, and weeping forsythia, along with a bunch of mums, daffodils, and peonies.




​It’s hard to believe so many yards harbor invasives like lilyturf, Chinese holly, crepe myrtle, heavenly bamboo (nandina), English ivy, and pampas grass. 

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The only three natives, aside from numerous stately Southern Magnolias that I’ve found, American holly, pink muhly grass and Carolina jessamine are hidden behind a deserted house, a parking lot, and the Hardee’s drive-thru.

For the past few months, I’ve searched for yaupon holly and found some bushes in front of the eye doctor’s office. Unfortunately, they’re a cultivar dwarf variety unsuitable for my green privacy fence. Oh, well, I’ll keep looking…
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Meanwhile, there’s another issue that’s bothering me.

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Litter, Litter Everywhere
Sadly, the only thing my rural walks have in common with my current urban route is litter. I reread some of my rants from the past couple of years and recalled how aggravating it was to pick up after the slobs who threw trash out along the roadside. At least twice a week, I carried a bag with me to gather cans, bottles, empty cigarette packs, styrofoam take-out trays, cigarette butts, paper and plastic wrappers, cups, and even diapers. Last summer, someone dumped a refrigerator filled with empty beer cans and bottles in a field. That, to me, was the epitome of pathetic disrespect for nature and humanity. How could anyone sink so low?

Luckily, our county’s public works department brought in the heavy equipment and cleaned up the mess.
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I’ve noticed it’s the same along the city streets (except the fridge, so far). Yet, no one seems to care. The solution is so simple. Carry a bag in the car and place your daily accumulation of trash inside that bag. When you arrive home, carry the bag inside and dispose of the waste. Voila, no litter, no pollution, and all the life that shares this planet with us benefits from your thoughtfulness. Plus, when parents act as responsible role models, their kids will continue the environmentally friendly practice, passing it along to future generations. It’s a win-win for humanity and the environment.


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Litter Affects the Health and Well-Being of our Planet
I am a conservationist. Environmental conservation pertains to the land, water, air, and ALL the critters (invertebrates, aquatic creatures, avians, and wildlife) that depend on having a functioning ecosystem for survival. Nature, from the tiniest bug to the giant whales, is interconnected and relies on maintaining Mother Nature’s balance. All the litter, chemicals, and junk polluting the land and sea not only look terrible but also affect all these creatures as they try to make their living.

According to Keep America Beautiful, over 51 billion pieces of litter appear on U.S. roadways each year. Wildlife, aquatic creatures, and birds are innocent victims of rubbish, ingesting or becoming injured by or being entrapped in improperly discarded trash. Some of the obstacles they encounter are:
  • getting their heads or other parts of their body stuck in plastic six-pack rings, bags, bottles, or other containers
  • eating household toxic waste and cleaners from garbage bins, resulting in extreme illness or death
  • mistaking plastic or latex (e.g., balloons, disposable gloves) for food, making them sick or blocking their digestive tract, causing them to starve
  • suffocating inside plastic bags
  • getting tangled in string, ropes, or netting, rendering them unable to free themselves.
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Animals have a keen sense of smell and sight. They follow their noses to the source of interesting aromas wafting from recently discarded items. We’ve all seen pictures of animals with their heads stuck inside a tin can or plastic bottle. The ones photographed are the lucky ones who received help, but how many other curious creatures are fated to wander around aimlessly, slowly suffocating or starving to death?

The worst part is that they have no idea what’s happening. No one can tell a deer or a possum to avoid sharp bits of metal or glass peppering the landscape. They cannot comprehend that a broken beer bottle or rusty metal will inflict cuts and punctures that will become infected. And when the inevitable happens, there are no walk-in clinics where these creatures can get antibiotics or a tetanus shot. They’re doomed to die from the infection.

Something I’ll bet you didn’t know — just a tiny bit of chewing gum stuck in their fur or feathers can impede an animal’s or bird’s mobility. If swallowed, the gum can create blockages in their throats or digestive systems.

It’s estimated that over a million animals, birds, and sea life die each year from improperly discarded trash. That’s an unfortunate fact that could be avoided very simply.
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Okay, I’ll get off my soapbox and leave you with this:

Conservation is more than planting native flowers, trees, and shrubs. We also have to step back and look at the big picture.
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So, while you’re landscaping your yard with native plants, keep in mind that we need to take care of the rest of our planet, too. Start today. Put that garbage bag in your car. Start your family’s no-litter policy right now! 



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Looking for Inspiration

2/9/2024

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​We’re still waiting to move into our new home. There’s a hold-up with the title, so Silke and I are searching for ideas on landscaping our yard while the bureaucratic red tape runs its course. As I stated in my previous post, we have a blank canvas to design our pollinator wonderland any way we want.

Looking Online
Since we’re both new to this venture, we’ve been looking online for inspiration. Folks all over the world have created magnificent gardens that I’d love to emulate. Of course, it’ll take years to replace all our turf grass and bare ground with a colorful panorama that’ll reflect our dreams. But we’ve got to start somewhere, right?

GrowItBuildIt.com must have been reading my mind. Last weekend, they published an article on starting a native plant garden from scratch. I was already familiar with the basics – choosing the site(s), determining the sunlight, moisture, PH, etc., prepping it, and choosing the proper flowers. However, having all the information in one spot for reference is nice. It’s a keeper!
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The blog post reminded me that time is slipping away to prepare the seeds for spring. I had planned to spend the colder months winter sowing the wildflower seeds I’d collected last summer and autumn. Unfortunately, though, that project is still on standby until I have a permanent residence. Hopefully, I’ll have a chance to winter sow some annuals during February.

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Looking Closer to Home     


​Meanwhile, there are other sources of inspiration of which we can take advantage.

Brookgreen Gardens is a fabulous 9000-acre nature preserve housing magnificent sculptures and native habitat.

Confession time: I’ve lived in this area for 30 years, and this past weekend was the first time I visited Brookgreen Gardens. I’ve wanted to go, but being an introvert, the crowds swarming the numerous Myrtle Beach tourist attractions, along with unpredictable traffic prevented it. I’ve never been brave enough to drive up there. But luckily, this time, Silke offered to chauffeur us.

I’ve got to admit, I regret missing out on such a treasure for all those years. It was worth the hassle. The place is a naturalist’s paradise!

The property comprises formal gardens as well as undeveloped salt marshes, woodlands, and river bluff forests that protect over 2,000 species of native plants and insects along with a variety of other wildlife, including wild turkeys, fox squirrels, and a multitude of songbirds.

There was too much to see in one trip. We bypassed the non-native flowers populating the formal gardens and toured the lesser-traveled paths with guides from the Native Plant Society. We only visited a small portion of the acreage, but it was awesome. Strolling along the walkways was an educational experience. In just a few hours, I learned a lot about the indigenous plants in this area.

Horticulturist Jason Flynn gave us a tour of his pride and joy – Brookgreen’s native plant garden. He explained how local geology played a role in the evolution of plants, insects, and animal life in South Carolina, and highlighted some of the effects of humans on nature. We’ll have to return in the summer to experience the grandeur of Jason’s garden in full bloom. Sadly, all we observed this time around were the remaining stems and dried flower heads of the native plants. However, we did get the names of some flowers and shrubs we can plant in our yard. Excellent!
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On the next trip, I plan to follow the Trail Beyond the Garden Wall (TBGW). Originally, it was reserved for staff as a shortcut between the north and south ends of the Gardens. However, now it’s open for the public to see and admire the fantastic native plants out there.

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I don’t want this to sound like an advertisement, but Brookgreen Gardens truly is a pleasant haven to get away from the rest of the world. Walking under the live oaks draped with Spanish moss while enjoying an up-close and personal view of the many ecological wonders truly outshone any images we viewed online.
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I look forward to incorporating everything Silke and I have learned into our Hometown Habitat. It’ll be a learning experience for us and, hopefully, our neighbors. Through our efforts, I hope to spread the word about the decline of pollinator populations, loss of habitat, and the importance of reintroducing native plants while having fun playing in the dirt. Keep your fingers crossed we can make a positive difference.


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Where Do I Begin?

1/26/2024

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December and January have been wild and crazy. Nothing's left of the homestead Bob and I shared for nearly 30 years, and my new home isn't ready yet. My life is in limbo, transitioning from an established, comfortable routine to a future of new beginnings.

Saying goodbye to a predictable former life could be viewed as a sad and scary experience. Yet, instead, I'd rather think of it as engaging in an exciting, new adventure that'll add new memories to ones already stored in my heart.

Tiger and I have enjoyed our 'vacation' in a fabulous Air BNB while waiting for the paperwork to be completed on our upcoming dwelling. I absolutely love our temporary lodging but can't wait to move into our new place.

It's going to be trial and error learning how to refurbish neglected furniture – giving the unloved wooden items a second chance to shine. But what I'm really looking forward to is creating a haven for the insects, birds, and other critters that'll be sharing the property with us.

The yard is a blank canvas to landscape as we like. Eventually, our acre of grass and woodland will be covered entirely with native beauty. But where do we begin?

My friend and housemate, Silke, and I are relatively new to this game. I've had a couple more years of experience identifying native plants. However, it will still be the blind leading the blind as we design a landscape that looks appealing yet, more importantly, is beneficial to wildlife.

Winter is the perfect time for planning. I want to map out where to put a diverse selection of flowers, trees, and shrubs to provide food and shelter for all the creatures visiting our little piece of paradise.

We both love the acres and acres of untouched woodland bordering the backyard. The scenery offers the peace and tranquility only Mother Nature can provide. A sizable portion of our yard is undeveloped, and a quick walk-through found some lovely indigenous plants. I can't wait to see what pops up this coming spring and summer.   

On either side of us, though, are houses. I've lived in the boonies for the past thirty years and am not used to having close neighbors. Living in a neighborhood will be a challenge for me. Granted, there's at least ¾ acre separating the homes. However, that's still too close for my comfort. I'm a hermit and like my solitude.  

A hedgerow made with fast-growing plants will make a perfect all-natural privacy fence. We can plant some dormant shrubs and trees during February. That'll give them time to adjust to their new home before spring. A hedge isn't a quick fix; the barrier will take a while to grow, but patience is a virtue, right? Meanwhile, a six-foot fence will keep our dogs in and neighbors' eyes out.


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Let the Work Begin
We are very fortunate that only a small bit of the yard close to the house was sown with grass. The rest of the property is just plain dirt. Perfect! Not having to remove a lot of useless grass is a significant advantage. Plus, laying out garden beds in the autumn/winter gives us more time before the growing season. Another bonus is that it's cooler, with no gnats or mosquitoes.

Now comes the planning. How do we transform the bare compacted dirt into a home for native flora and fauna?

Common sense and my limited experience tell me that properly preparing the ground is crucial to a successful garden. I don't want to disturb the insect and fungal life underground, so there will be no tilling. We'll break up the surface layer and even everything up. A layer of leaves will make an excellent covering that will kill any grass or weeds trying to grow. The leaves will also break down and fertilize the garden beds. I don't have to tell you that pesticides will never poison our land!

An excellent piece of advice I picked up in Ohio State University's Pollinator 101 webinar is to work with nature in the existing landscape - not against it. During her session, Shana Byrd from the Dawes Arboretum said the first step is site evaluation. "Map out your lawn and determine what would work best in the area you want to convert to a garden. Before you start designing your new addition, determine the level of sunlight, soil type, soil texture, moisture, drainage, and size."

That'll take care of prepping the ground. Now, what are we going to put in the garden?

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Winter Sowing
Step two in our master plan is to have some flowers ready to plant in our prepared garden beds. My favorite method of germinating flowers is winter sowing.

It's so simple:
  • Use transparent or translucent containers (Water or milk jugs, soda bottles, produce containers, etc.)
  • Place potting soil and seeds inside the containers.
  • Leave the containers in an area where rain and snow will keep them watered.
  • Then, forget them until spring. The seeds will germinate at the proper time, and the hardy seedlings will tolerate transplanting and changes in temperature and conditions.
That's the basics. For more detailed information on winter sowing, check out this post.

So, between prepping the soil, planting some shrubs and trees while they're dormant, and winter sowing, Silke and I should have a good start on our landscaping. Another critical factor we'll incorporate in our design is to connect the planted areas so insects can move from one patch of flowers to another without traveling a long distance. 

There's a lot of work ahead of us. I know I can't transform the entire yard this first year. However, I want to lay out several garden beds as the groundwork for years to come.  
 
Wish us luck!

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A December Not to Remember!!

1/12/2024

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PictureTransitioning from one home to another.
I’m glad December is over with. It was mostly okay. However, there were a few days that were terrible. The nightmare bits revolved around losing my home.

Back in the late 1990s, my husband and I leased a hunk of farmland. We leveled and smoothed it out, hooked up our mobile home, and planted grass, trees, and a few bushes. Over time, we transformed the former cornfield into a lovely little homestead.

After Bob passed away in July 2020, it was no longer the same. Everywhere I looked reminded me of my loss. I wanted to move. I dreamed of buying a place to plant many native flowers, shrubs, and trees - my own pollinator paradise. Unfortunately, that was a fantasy my budget prohibited from ever coming true.

A girl can dream, though. I shared this dream with friends, and one of them decided to help me turn my wish into a reality. A few months ago, we joined forces to look for land where we could each set up a home. I was so excited! We searched for acreage with various types of habitat – wetland, wooded, and cleared – and planned how to create our own wildlife sanctuary. It would take time, but we were in no hurry.

Then came the bad news. The land where my little trailer has sat for over 20 years was being sold, and I had 30 days to vacate the premises. I couldn’t believe anyone could heartlessly throw a 65-year-old widow out of her home, especially over Christmas. Money and greed bring out the worst in people, I reckon.
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Well, long story short, we found a place. It won’t be ready within 30 days, but I really don’t care. Like I told the landowner; I’m doing the best I can with what I got. What can they do, evict me? 

PictureLate December in my garden: the asters are still blooming and the swamp sunflowers and evening prmrose offer lots of seed for birds to munch on as well as foliage for insects to nest in.
The Creatures Who Live Around Me
During December, I wasn’t the only one looking for a home. Most of my time was spent sorting through 30 years’ worth of stuff, sorting out the keepers, things to give away, and the useless garbage nobody wants. However, I didn’t let the time constraint keep me from my daily walks.
It was easy to see I wasn’t the only one madly rushing around looking for a home.

Birds didn’t take very kindly to me disturbing them as they prepared their overwintering grounds in the woodlands surrounding the fallow fields. They were busy taking advantage of summer’s vegetation as it wilted away, cushioning the interior of their shelters and covering the ground, protecting all who retreated to those safe havens.
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Goldenrod, asters, and other late-blooming plants provided pollen for the insects stocking up for the winter as they instinctively worked toward preparing a nice warm spot for themselves with plenty of food for their offspring.

Hopefully, the bees, butterflies, wasps, moths, fireflies, ladybugs, and ground beetles will take advantage of the leftover plant stems, fallen leaves, and bare ground in the garden beds for their nesting. I’ve also left plenty of leaf litter and brush piles to provide shelter from predators and the elements for any bird, possum, rabbit, pollinator, snail, worm, millipede, or other critter that needs it.

Mother Nature has taught me a valuable lesson. No creature, whether it has two, four, six, eight, or no legs, should ever be homeless. Every living being deserves the basics of food, water, and shelter.
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Contributing to nature means so much to me. Little things that you and I can do make a big difference to the living beings with whom we share this planet. Just leaving a pile of leaves or brush, not removing dead flowers from the garden, and leaving snags and decaying trees where they are create homes for insects, birds, and animals. It doesn’t cost anything, and the rewards for them and us are priceless. 

The Gift I Finally Uncovered
In closing, I realize this wasn’t a December not to remember. My life has turned a corner, and I will be safe and warm this winter. Plus, I have been able to provide shelter for the creatures with whom I have been sharing this precious piece of land before I leave. 
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Despite what often feels like chaos, if we hold onto the faith in our dreams, Life will shift circumstances until what felt imbalanced morphs into balance. This is what a miracle looks like. The Universe responded to the level of my belief and manifested more than I could ever have imagined! I’m fortunate to have everything I need and honored to be able to share it with creatures around me.
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All Creatures Have a Reason to Celebrate Thanksgiving

11/17/2023

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Mother Nature is very forgiving. No matter how much humanity abuses her, she still provides for us. Thanksgiving wouldn’t be very tasty if not for her pollinators supplying everything from the veggies that complement the turkey and dressing to the seasonings that make all the dishes delicious.

We’re not alone in being blessed by nature’s bounty. We share this planet with other creatures that instinctively appreciate the flowers, shrubs, and trees that supply the food and shelter they need to thrive. Of course, they don’t express their gratitude as we do. Instead, they show their thanks by playing their role in caring for and propagating the vegetation, thereby keeping the process in motion. Isn’t it amazing how plants and insects work harmoniously toward a common goal?

When the natural balance between native flora and fauna is allowed to continue as it has for many millennia, all living things benefit.

Winter could be a challenging time for wildlife if not for nature’s way of planning ahead. For hibernating insects, a diverse selection of plants blooms every autumn to provide a smorgasbord of rich, tasty, nutritious pollen and nectar. Native bees, wasps, butterflies, moths, beetles, and even ants work tirelessly, gathering pollen and seeds to fatten themselves up and/or store to feed their offspring during the cold months ahead.
I’m fascinated by all the activity around the yellow, white, and blue blossoms of goldenrods, asters, sunflowers, blue mistflowers, bearded beggarticks, and bitter sneezeweed. They all know what to do, and even though it’s rush-hour, there are no bottlenecks, arguments, or collisions.

For the birds and animals that stay active during the winter, braving the bitter temps and freezing precipitation, nature supports them as well. At first glance, the landscape may appear like all the vegetation has died off. But looking closely, you can see the berries, fruits, seeds, and nuts Mother Nature left behind to feed the hungry critters during the lean months.
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Here are a few woodland goodies I’ve found while exploring the countryside:

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Winged Sumac
Sumac serves primarily as a winter emergency food for wildlife. Ring-necked pheasant, bobwhite quail, wild turkey, and about 300 species of songbirds include sumac fruit in their diet. It is also known to be important in the winter diets of ruffed grouse and sharp-tailed grouse. Fox, squirrels, and cottontail rabbits eat the sumac bark. White-tail deer like the fruit and stems.

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American Beautyberry

The fruit is high in moisture content and is an important food source for more than forty species of songbirds, including the American Robin, Brown Thrasher, Purple Finch, and Eastern Towhee. The drupes or clusters are eaten by armadillos, foxes, opossums, raccoons, and squirrels. White-tailed deer consume the fruit in the fall after leaf drop.

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​Dogwood

Chemical analyses of dogwood berries have revealed that the seeds are high in calcium and fat, making them a valuable food for both migrating birds and resident wildlife alike. Wildlife food habit studies have shown that at least 75 animal species consume dogwood berries.
Many birds, including songbirds, forest edge species, and upland game birds (wild turkey) consume the seeds. The eastern chipmunk, white-footed mouse, gray fox, gray squirrel, black bear, beaver, white-tailed deer, and skunk readily consume flowering dogwood seeds as well.

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Pokeweed

Pokeweed berries are eaten by various songbirds that hang out in thickets and woodland areas, as well as mammals, including raccoons, opossums, and gray foxes. ⚠ Please note that the berries are poisonous to humans.

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Carolina Horse nettle

⚠ Humans and most animals should not eat horse nettle, as the entire plant is poisonous. For wildlife, the mature yellow fruits may be eaten by quail, wild turkeys, and some small mammals.

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​Common Persimmon

Persimmon fruits are high in vitamin C and are eaten by more than 28 species of wildlife, including opossums, rodents, raccoons, foxes, black bears, and skunks. The birds that dine on the fruit include wild turkeys, yellow-rumped warblers, cedar waxwings, catbirds, robins, pileated woodpeckers, and mockingbirds.

 

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​Redbay Persea

Redbay is reported to be a significant food source for wildlife and is browsed heavily in fall and winter. In order of volumetric importance, redbay fruits were in 15th place in a list of 63 food items. (USDA fact sheet)
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Many birds, including bluebirds, mockingbirds, brown thrashers, fish crows, robins, quail, and turkeys consume redbay fruit. Rodents also eat the fruit, while deer and black bears feed on the fruit and leaves. The redbay also provides a home for squirrels. 

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​Dotted Smartweed

This wetland plant is essential to many kinds of native wildlife and is an excellent food for waterfowl. Twenty species of ducks, geese, bobwhites, mourning doves, ring-necked pheasants, and four species of rails eat the seeds. Dense stands supply cover for young waterfowl, marsh birds, and wintering pheasants. Thirty nongame birds, mice, muskrats, raccoons, fox squirrels, and dozens of other species of mammals also eat the seeds.

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​Sassafras

Many birds, including bobwhite, woodpeckers, mockingbirds and catbirds, flycatchers, and wild turkey relish sassafras berries. Deer and porcupines feed on the tree’s twigs and leaves, and rabbits nibble on the bark in winter. Black bears, beavers, rabbits, and squirrels eat the fruit, bark, and wood. 

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Muscadines
White-tailed deer browse the grapes and the vines themselves. Other mammals include black bears, raccoons, coyotes, red and gray foxes, opossums, cottontails, gray and fox squirrels, and striped skunks.

Wild turkeys, quail, wood ducks, and more than three dozen species of birds such as mourning dove, red-headed and red-bellied woodpeckers, great crested flycatcher, tufted titmouse, northern mockingbird, brown thrasher, gray catbird, eastern bluebird, Baltimore and orchard orioles, wood, hermit and gray-cheeked thrushes, yellow-breasted chat, summer and scarlet tanagers, eastern towhees eat the fruit. Muscadine vines also provide birds with nesting sites and nesting material, as well as cover for animals trying to escape predators and severe weather.

All creatures, whether they have two, four, six, eight, or no legs, have much to be grateful for. Aren’t we lucky to have such a loving mother?
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Have a wonderful Thanksgiving!

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Fall Allergies? Don't Blame the Goldenrod

11/3/2023

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Autumn is a fantastic time of year. The temperature and humidity have eased off, inviting me to spend more time outside. My walks around the countryside no longer drain all my energy, and the scenery is priceless. The late summer/autumn blossoms from volunteer asters, sunflowers, and goldenrods brighten up the landscape and are absolutely lovely.

Unfortunately, my allergies have begun to spoil my fun. Constant sneezing not only bothers me but also scares the bejeebers out of all the creatures, ruining any chance of sneaking up and snapping a few photographs. Since I was a kid, I've always been told my hay fever is due to goldenrod. I was brought up to despise the yellow blossoms decorating the roadside and was often reminded to avoid them at all costs.
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I'm not the only one who suffers from a chronic case of misinformation. Goldenrod has been blamed for autumn allergies for generations. When in reality, it's just an innocent bystander. The real culprit is ragweed (Ambrosia spp) hiding in plain sight amongst the goldenrod that causes congestion and headaches. Wind picks up the lightweight pollen grains from the weed's small green spikes and spreads them everywhere. 
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The Good Guy - Goldenrod
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The Bad Guy - Ragweed
After all these years of avoiding the yellow blooms, I now know that my parents were wrong. Goldenrod's pollen has nothing to do with my hay fever.

Goldenrods, members of the genus Solidago, produce pollen that is too heavy for wind pollination and can only be manually transported by insects and animals. Some, like Tall Goldenrod (Solidago altissima), grow up to 6 feet tall, while others, like Bluestem Goldenrod (S. caesia) grow to only 2 feet. Some species like wet sites, while others prefer dry, well-drained soils. A few species prefer shady understory habitats, but most prefer mostly direct sunlight. While we usually associate goldenrod flowers with fall, a few species bloom in the spring. (Clemson University College of Agriculture)

Goldenrod Comes to the Rescue
National Geographic's book, Herbal: 100 Herbs From the World's Healing Traditions, states that this perennial's blossoms can help alleviate seasonal irritations.

According to their research, goldenrod helps clear up the runny, weepy, or watery symptoms associated with all kinds of allergic reactions. "Taken as a tonic over time, goldenrod can remarkably boost resistance to allergens by strengthening the integrity of leaky mucus membranes. The gentle astringency of a tea or tincture made from the flowering tops dries up the drippiness of colds and flu while also eliciting a gentle sweat that can cool down a fever."

Of course, Native Americans knew about the medicinal qualities of goldenrod long before the information was published in a book. These indigenous people cooked the leaves and flowers of their "Sun Medicine" and put the concoction directly on cuts and wounds to promote faster healing. They also made tea from the leaves to ease stomach cramps. The scientific name for goldenrod became solidago due to its long tradition as a healing plant. Solidago means "to make whole" in Latin.

A Resource for Insects, Birds, and Small Animals
Not only is this plant good for what ails humans, but other creatures benefit from it, too. It's one of nature's most valuable late summer/autumn plants. University of Delaware entomologist Doug Tallamy says, "It's one of the best herbaceous native perennials for attracting and feeding wildlife."

At least 100 species of this wildflower are native to North America. This keystone plant provides food and habitat for many pollinating insects, from butterflies and moths to honeybees and native bees to wasps, ants, flies, and beetles. Its long stems offer a nesting place for insects to lay their eggs. Birds take advantage of the flowers' seeds, and along with small animals, may nest in large stands of the goldenrod.  

If goldenrod was removed from the ecosystem, it would be an environmental disaster. So, the next time someone complains about the yellow blooms making them sneeze, be sure to correct them.
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Research the native species for your area and add solidago to your planting list for next year. There can never be too much of this super wildflower. Here are some of the species of goldenrod I've found around here in my local area of northeastern SC.
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Wrinkleleaf Goldenrod (Solidago rugosa) is found in open woodlands, thickets, sandy swamps, wet sand prairies, marsh banks, and sand dunes. It attracts many bees, butterflies, and beetles. Leaf beetles, stink bugs, and the larvae of several moths feed on the foliage. Many birds, including Indigo Bunting, Eastern Goldfinch, Ruffed Grouse, and Greater Prairie Chicken enjoy consuming the seeds.
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Gray or Old Field Goldenrod (S. nemoralis) grows where little else will grow, which includes poor, rocky, clay slopes with little organic matter. It prefers full sun and dry soil. This species of solidago is one of the shortest goldenrods, reaching 2' at most. Features include small, winged leaflets on the main stem and fuzzy white texture on the leaves and stem. It tends to bloom later in the fall than other goldenrods. It's not usually planted in gardens because extensive root growth can interfere with other plants.
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Tall Goldenrod (S. altissim) became South Carolina's state wildflower in 2003. It grows upright to a height of 4 to 8 feet. A single plant may have as many as 1,500 pyramid-shaped clusters of tiny flowers, 2 to 12 inches long. The flowers' ray-like petals are notched at the end. The weight of the flowerheads makes the stem lean, so the blooms curve downward.
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Giant or Late Goldenrod (S. gigantea) grows in clumps. It can get up to 6 feet tall and is adapted to seasonally moist or wet, open ground such as open meadows, fields, woodland edges, roadsides, marshes, swamps, along streams and rivers. Occasionally, it is found on drier ground or in part shade. The stems of Late Goldenrod are smooth and hairless.
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Canada Goldenrod (S. canadensis) is non-native to SC but is everywhere, more numerous than any of the other species I've found. It is native to northeastern and north-central North America. It is acclimated to areas receiving full sun or part shade. These aggressive plants typically grow in moist soil and are found in damp meadows, waterways, and ditches along roadsides and railroads.
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Showy Goldenrod (S. speciosa) are typically around 3 feet high. The clump-forming plants have rigid stems and rich green foliage. They are not as aggressive as some goldenrods, as they do not spread by rhizome. Ideal planting sites are well-drained. Showy Goldenrod will tolerate a range of soils as long as the drainage is good. Full sun is best.
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Nature – Always in the Mood for Halloween

10/27/2023

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Did you know the fear of Halloween is called Samhainophobia? Yes, some folks don't need ghosts, goblins, haunted houses, or horror movies to be frightened of All Hollow's Eve.
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I don't understand why so many things associated with Halloween's scary side are nature-related, like worms, spiders, owls, bats, snakes, crows and ravens, and the poor lowly toads. These are actually good guys. In fact, they're quite beneficial — not only to the environment but to humans as well. The world would be a much scarier place without them.

Spiders’ eight legs and creepy go hand in hand. However, in reality, they're a crucial part of the ecosystem. Spiders eat insects and keep those bugs under control. Some build nests while others, such as the wolf spider, actively hunt down their prey. Crab spiders, on the other hand, sit tight and patiently wait for the mark to come to them. Welcome them to your garden and let them eat all the pests they want!

Owls have haunting calls. Some have a high-pitched screech, while others have a deep-throated who-who. Large eyes and their ability to turn their heads 270 degrees complete our eerie mindset. The barn owl's white ghost-like face adds to the sinister, dark, and foreboding character linked with the night hunters. Regardless, we need owls. Their excellent hearing guides them to find mice, rats, and other vermin hiding in the underbrush.

Worms, notably earthworms, are harmless, beneficial neighbors. Earthworms support plant growth by breaking down dead and decaying organic matter into rich humus soil. They also dig tiny channels and make holes that aerate the soil and improve drainage.

Interesting fact: Earthworms are hermaphrodites (male and female in one body) and have five "hearts" but don't have lungs or eyes. Instead, they breathe through their skin and use receptors in their skin to sense light and touch.

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Bats are terribly misunderstood. They do not want to drink your blood! Dracula and other false tales have given these nocturnal creatures a bad rap. Only three bat species feed on blood, and being under four inches (10 cm) big, they probably wouldn't take very much anyway. The only frightening thing about bats is the massive population losses due to disease, pesticides, and hunting.

Living up to 30 years or longer, these mammals are fruit eaters or bug eaters and benefit the environment by pollination, seed dispersal, and pest patrol. One bat will eat 2,000 to 6,000 insects per night.

Do you remember Statler, the internet’s favorite elderly bat? We wrote about him in 2020. He passed away in 2021 at 34 years of age at the Bat World Sanctuary in Weatherford, Texas.

Snakes are another example of misunderstood wildlife. There's no slime, and even though some are poisonous, none will attack unless provoked. Snakes are great at controlling rodent populations but are best left undisturbed and admired from a safe distance.

According to NC Wildlife, A common species that stands out as being particularly festive for Halloween is the ring-necked snake, a small species that rarely exceeds 10 inches in length. It eats primarily earthworms and is known for its shiny orange and black coloration. Another fall favorite is the corn snake, which can vary in color from red to orange to brown. Their name is deceiving; the corn snake isn't named for the vegetable but because their belly scales resemble Indian corn.
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Toads aren't slimy either and don't cause warts. Eye of toad isn't an ingredient in any potions I know of so don't believe the rumors. Their reputations have been wrecked by myths, folklore, and ghost stories insinuating they associate with witches and demons. In fact, they'd rather hang around your garden or in the woods or grasslands slurping up slugs and snails. Unlike frogs, toads don't hop or visit ponds except during breeding season. Sadly, their populations are declining, so if you see toads walking around your yard, they won't cause any damage. Leave them be.

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Crows and Ravens are considered the companions of witches, but we all know that's not true. They're too bright for that. Crows are actually one of the world's smartest creatures. They can communicate with each other with their different "caws," use tools, and plan ahead. They recognize each other as well as some people and can hold a grudge if you mess with them.

Ravens are intelligent, too. They can solve complex problems and tell other ravens about events and objects they can't immediately see. They've even been known to notify wolves of carcasses so the wolves can open the carcass up for them.

Their evil persona is partly due to their black, sleek bodies and less-than-pleasant carrion diet (dead animals). Yet if these carnivores didn't make such a good cleanup crew, our environment would be littered with nasty, disease-ridden carcasses that would be very hazardous to our health.
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Pumpkins are not a live creature; however, they make a wonderful treat for the critters. When you're ready to dispose of your Jack-o-Lantern, toss it outside for the animals to eat. They love it, and it's good for them. Leave the pumpkin in a wooded area for wildlife or give it to a farmer to feed his livestock. 


Give the Scary Creatures a Break!
Halloween is a fun and sometimes spooky time for the whole family.  But it's also a time to appreciate the fascinating and complex creatures that share this world with us.  These "scary" creatures pose no real threat to humans, and many suffer from habitat loss, pollution, and more.
If you want to keep Halloween safe for wildlife, consider the following recommendations:
  • Keep candy where wildlife won't find it. Also, be sure to dispose of candy wrappers properly to avoid littering or creating a choking hazard for an animal.
  • Birds and bats can get tangled in fake spiderwebs. Use these decorations where wildlife won't be flying through.
  • Be alert for nocturnal wildlife while trick-or-treating.
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Nature is Gearing Up for Fall

10/20/2023

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The temperature may not feel autumn-like, but the changes in vegetation are hinting nature is gearing up for fall. I'm ready!

I'm seeing late summer/autumn wildflowers beginning to pop up amongst the disappearing stands of meadow beauties, coreopsis, orchids, and fleabane that have been slowly fading away. It's kind of sad to no longer see patches of familiar flowers along the wayside. Yet, it's pretty cool to have a change of scenery to liven up my morning. 

There's one particular farm road that's only used to plant, monitor, and harvest the cornfields. The rest of the time, it's left to grow as it wishes. It's one of my favorite loops. The walking gets quite challenging as grass covers the rutted path, but it's worth the effort to experience nature as it's supposed to be.

I've seen plants along that road that I haven't seen anywhere else. Some of the flowers seem to appear like magic. One day, only greenery borders the trail, and the next, new life greets me as I stroll along.
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I wasn't able to walk that track for a week after tons of rain flooded a section of the road. When it finally dried out enough to navigate, I was amazed at how much the vegetation had changed. The only familiar wildflowers were mountain mint (Pycnanthemum flexuosum) and bitter sneezeweed (Helenium amarum).

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Mountain Mint and Bitter Sneezeweed
In place of the other familiar summer blossoms were some late-season arrivals that will hopefully hang around until winter. One of those was the bearded beggartick (Bidens aristosa). Last autumn, I only ran across two or three of these plants, but over the past few weeks, I've counted at least ten plants around the loop, and they’re started to emerge along the main road too. Along with them, I also found some 'new to me' narrowleaf silkgrass (Pityopsis graminifolia) and woodland sunflowers (Helianthus divaricatus) hiding in the tall grasses.
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Bearded Beggartick, Narrowleaf Silkgrass, and Woodland Sunflower
​Closer to home, I'm starting to see the transition to blue mistflowers (Conoclinium coelestinum), frost astors (Symphyotrchum pilosum), swamp sunflowers (Helianthus angustifolius), and evening primrose (Oenothera glazioviana) in my garden. Most of my daisy fleabanes (Erigeron strigosus) are gone, but the pretty purple petals of their cousin, Robin's plantain (Erigeron pulchellus) have reappeared amongst the dead stems. 
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Blue Mistflower, Frost Astor, Evening Primrose, and Robin's Plantain
Morning glories (Ipomoea spp) are taking over the roadside with a combination of native and non-native varieties winding their way over, through, and around all the other vegetation. I'm fascinated by the wild poinsettia (Euphorbia cyathophora), challenging the morning glories for some space. I'm waiting to find out who wins the competition.
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Morning Glories and Wild Poinsettia
​Heck, it's only October, and I have two more farm roads and the fields to explore after all the corn is harvested. There's no telling what surprises are in store for me on my coming adventures. 
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Never Return Home Empty-Handed

10/9/2023

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A meadow of wildflowers growing alongside the runway at Green Sea Airport (S79)

Take advantage of what Mother Nature has to offer. Native plants and seeds are so much better than the imported varieties.
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This past weekend was a busy yet enjoyable new experience for me. I attended a native plant sale in Conway, SC, and joined the local chapter of the SC Native Plant Society (SCNPS). This chapter has been in existence for less than a year. However, it’s already a big hit around here.

Lots of folks attended the plant sale, and from the looks of the full carts being pulled along from one stall to the next, many plants were sold. It’s wonderful to see so many taking an interest in and planting native plants. 
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Conway is no longer a sleepy little city on the Waccamaw River. They have constructed a beautiful boardwalk along the river that draws attention to the native vegetation growing along the route. It was a lovely stroll, topping off my morning visiting the plant sale and a farmer’s market. 
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It’s really cool that the event coincided with Halloween. I had to extend my walk around town to take in all the decorations. Some creative soul decked out the main drag with some unique embellishments. 

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​​I’m excited about learning new stuff from the other members of SCNPS. There is so much I don’t know, and this is a fabulous way to stuff my brain with valuable knowledge that I can also share with you all.

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Highlighting the second part of my weekend, I found some “new-to-me” wildflowers! Making my walk even better, the unusually cool temps kept the mosquitos at bay. Heavenly.
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My Sunday morning trek through the fields and around a neighboring grass airstrip introduced me to some Maryland Golden Asters (Chrysopsis mariana) and a couple of new bonesets – tall boneset (Eupatorium altissimum) and hyssopleaf thoroughwort (E. hyssopifolium). They’re all pollinator magnets and add lovely color to the meadows surrounding the airport runway.
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Maryland Golden Aster
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​Throughout my walk, I couldn’t help noticing some plants beginning to seed out and couldn’t resist the temptation. I wound up with a heaping handful of goodies. This time of year, I hardly ever return home empty-handed. Along with the shedding flowerheads, I found a ripe persimmon and a fallen southern magnolia seed pod.
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Hyssopleaf thoroughwort
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​Generally, I only remove a few seeds from a flower, shrub, or tree, never the entire cluster. But the bright red seeds were in the path of the mower, so I brought the whole thing home and propped the cone next to my garden gnome. I’m hoping to witness the birds and animals feeding on the magnolia seeds. 

​ If you haven’t taken advantage of it yet, go outside for a walk. Try to clear your mind and absorb all the beauty, peace, and tranquility nature has to offer. I bet you’ll return home with a big smile on your face. I know I do, and I’m sure you will, too.
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​Finally, after waiting all summer, my swamp sunflower (H. angustifolius) and frost aster (S. pilosum) are blooming. It's officially autumn at my house!
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    Greta Burroughs

    Through the Lens of a Nature-Lover

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    No creature, whether it has two, four, six, eight, or no legs, should ever be homeless. Every living being deserves the basics of food, water, and shelter. By planting native plants, trees, and shrubs, I can do something toward providing the food and shelter these creatures need.

    ​It's amazing how plants and insects evolved to interact with each other, and how one could always instinctively rely upon the other for survival.

    That's what Mother Nature intended.

    Unfortunately, humanity's carelessness and greed disrupted her master plan.


    ​I'm on a quest to help restore Nature's balance by collecting seeds from, transplanting, or propagating the indigenous plants I find along the roadsides and fields before they are mown down or poisoned with pesticides.

    Then, if my gardening skills don't fail me, my yard will eventually provide a year-round oasis of native flowers, trees, and shrubs that'll provide the food and shelter insects need to thrive and never be homeless again. 

    Through the Lens of a Nature-Lover will share my journey as I discover, photograph, and rescue the plants and bugs no one else notices.

    Please join me in my quest to end homelessness. Thank you for caring.


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I will read forever because it lets me visit in my mind the worlds that I will never be able to see; it helps me put away the stresses of the day and relax into the rhythm of the story before me; it lets me bring to the surface and experience without regrets those feelings I hide away; it lets me re-experience the thrill of first love through someone else's eyes; it keeps my mind juiced so that it will never desert me; it is always there for me even when there's no one else. I will read forever no matter whether it is print or digital because the words will always call to me. ~ A Sassy Scribbler